Protective effect of Phaleria macrocarpa Methanolic Fruit Extract against Oxidative Stress in Brine Shrimps

Phaleria macrocarpais one of the commonly usedplants in East Asia as herbal medicines. The extract of Phaleria macrocarpa can exhibit a variety of beneficial pharmacological activities, including anti-diabetic, and antioxidant activities which are primarily contributed by the constituents isolated from different parts of Phaleria macrocarpa. However, there have been only limited attempts to explore the antioxidant properties of this plant in relation to its medicinal use. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity and protective effect of P. macrocarpa methanolic fruit (PMFM) extract against oxidative stress in brine shrimp (Artemia salina). The antioxidant activity of PMFM extractwas evaluated using 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays.In vitro brine shrimp toxicity assay was performed on nauplii of Artemia salina to determine the toxicity and the protective effects of the PMFM extract. The DPPH and FRAP assays results showed that PMFM extracthas good antioxidant activity.Additionally, treatment with PMFM extract (concentration ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 mg/ml) was able to protect Artemia salinanauplii from the toxic effects of hydrogen peroxide.Thus, the present findings demonstrate that PMFM extractpossesses good antioxidant and protective activity against oxidative stress.