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ENVIRONMENTAL COMFORT OF GREENHOUSES ASSOCIATED TO PARAMETERS OF STRUCTURAL SHAPE

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ENVIRONMENTAL COMFORT OF GREENHOUSES ASSOCIATED TO PARAMETERS OF STRUCTURAL SHAPE   JOSÉ GABRIEL VIEIRA NETO¹, JULIO SORIANO²   1 Professor do Curso de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av. Tiaraju, 810 - Ibirapuitã, Alegrete - RS, 97546-550, zeh.gvn@hotmail.com. 2 Professor da Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas - SP, 13083-875, julio.soriano@feagri.unicamp.br.   ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate the thermal comfort efficiency by energy and mass balance for normalized greenhouses with pitched roof and in arch roof, with variation of the shape parameters. The data for analysis were generated by the application of analytical models in eight situations of each type of greenhouse, defined by variations of the greenhouse parameters: span, height of gutter, slope of the roof and height of the arched roof. In addition, fully closed models with low density polyethylene and side openings were evaluated. The analysis of the different models showed that the comfort conditions concerning the different times of obtaining the climatic data close to 6 h for the winter and 15 h for the summer are more susceptible to the variations of the ratio between the parameter’s height and span. These shape parameters were shown to be strategic for the efficiency of greenhouse projects, since they directly affect summer heat reduction and winter heat retention and affect environmental humidity for protected crops.   Keywords: protected crops, pitched roof, arched roof, energy balance, mass balance.   CONFORTO DO AMBIENTE DE ESTUFAS AGRÍCOLAS ASSOCIADO AOS PARÂMETROS DE FORMA DA ESTRUTURA   RESUMO: Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de conforto térmico pelo balanço de energia e massa para estufas agrícolas normalizadas com coberturas em duas águas e em arco, com variação dos parâmetros de forma. Os dados para análise foram gerados com aplicação de modelos analíticos em oito exemplares de cada tipo de estufa, definidos por variações dos parâmetros de largura da estufa, altura de pé direito, inclinação do telhado e altura do arco do telhado. Além disso, foram avaliados os modelos totalmente fechados com polietileno de baixa densidade e com aberturas laterais. A análise dos diferentes modelos mostrou que as condições do conforto concernentes aos diferentes horários de obtenção dos dados climáticos próximo das 6 h para o inverno e das 15 h para o verão são mais susceptíveis às variações da razão entre os parâmetros altura e vão. Esses parâmetros de forma mostraram-se estratégicos para a eficiência dos projetos de estufas, pois afetam diretamente a redução do calor no verão e a retenção do calor no inverno, além de afetarem a umidade do ambiente para o cultivo protegido.   Palavras-chaves: cultivo protegido, telhado duas águas, telhado em arco, balanço de energia, balanço de massa.
Title: ENVIRONMENTAL COMFORT OF GREENHOUSES ASSOCIATED TO PARAMETERS OF STRUCTURAL SHAPE
Description:
ENVIRONMENTAL COMFORT OF GREENHOUSES ASSOCIATED TO PARAMETERS OF STRUCTURAL SHAPE   JOSÉ GABRIEL VIEIRA NETO¹, JULIO SORIANO²   1 Professor do Curso de Engenharia, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Av.
Tiaraju, 810 - Ibirapuitã, Alegrete - RS, 97546-550, zeh.
gvn@hotmail.
com.
2 Professor da Faculdade de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Av.
Cândido Rondon, 501 - Cidade Universitária, Campinas - SP, 13083-875, julio.
soriano@feagri.
unicamp.
br.
  ABSTRACT: The aim of this work was to evaluate the thermal comfort efficiency by energy and mass balance for normalized greenhouses with pitched roof and in arch roof, with variation of the shape parameters.
The data for analysis were generated by the application of analytical models in eight situations of each type of greenhouse, defined by variations of the greenhouse parameters: span, height of gutter, slope of the roof and height of the arched roof.
In addition, fully closed models with low density polyethylene and side openings were evaluated.
The analysis of the different models showed that the comfort conditions concerning the different times of obtaining the climatic data close to 6 h for the winter and 15 h for the summer are more susceptible to the variations of the ratio between the parameter’s height and span.
These shape parameters were shown to be strategic for the efficiency of greenhouse projects, since they directly affect summer heat reduction and winter heat retention and affect environmental humidity for protected crops.
  Keywords: protected crops, pitched roof, arched roof, energy balance, mass balance.
  CONFORTO DO AMBIENTE DE ESTUFAS AGRÍCOLAS ASSOCIADO AOS PARÂMETROS DE FORMA DA ESTRUTURA   RESUMO: Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de conforto térmico pelo balanço de energia e massa para estufas agrícolas normalizadas com coberturas em duas águas e em arco, com variação dos parâmetros de forma.
Os dados para análise foram gerados com aplicação de modelos analíticos em oito exemplares de cada tipo de estufa, definidos por variações dos parâmetros de largura da estufa, altura de pé direito, inclinação do telhado e altura do arco do telhado.
Além disso, foram avaliados os modelos totalmente fechados com polietileno de baixa densidade e com aberturas laterais.
A análise dos diferentes modelos mostrou que as condições do conforto concernentes aos diferentes horários de obtenção dos dados climáticos próximo das 6 h para o inverno e das 15 h para o verão são mais susceptíveis às variações da razão entre os parâmetros altura e vão.
Esses parâmetros de forma mostraram-se estratégicos para a eficiência dos projetos de estufas, pois afetam diretamente a redução do calor no verão e a retenção do calor no inverno, além de afetarem a umidade do ambiente para o cultivo protegido.
  Palavras-chaves: cultivo protegido, telhado duas águas, telhado em arco, balanço de energia, balanço de massa.

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