Geotechnical Investigation for the Groundwater Damage Analysis of the Shahe Ancient Bridge Site in Xi’an, China

Abstract In terms of cultural ruins, the earthen ruins and its subsurface environment were acted either as a carrier or supports above ground cultural heritage, the groundwater was found to be the greatest factor that affected and accelerated destruction of the ruins without any doubt. This paper presents an approach that achieved geochemical data and hydrological processes occurring of the ruins and surrounding area by the data analysis of geotechnical investigation, it is found that the fluctuations in groundwater level affected the movement of water and salt, thereby influenced and accelerate the deterioration, and also caused microbes, creatures, and plants to erode the ruins. The stratigraphy revealed good correlation with the status of the ruins, the scientific analysis of the samples, the damage mechanism. These monitoring data will be used to discuss and predict the effects of various types of damage factors on long term preservation and proposed feasible for longer countermeasures in preservation studies. This paper takes the Xianyang Shahe Ancient Bridge site as the research object, to be precise, it takes the wooden structure site as the research object, through the methods of geotechnical survey and site sample analysis, the relationship between the environment of the site and the cause of disease is explored.