Cervical Erosion and its Management with Yoni Varti: A Comprehensive Review

Cervical erosion, referred to as cervical ectropion in modern gynecology, is a common benign condition of the cervix predominantly observed in women of reproductive age. Although frequently physiological, it may become symptomatic, presenting with excessive vaginal discharge, contact bleeding, dyspareunia, and recurrent cervicitis, thereby affecting quality of life. Classical Ayurvedic literature does not describe cervical erosion as a distinct disease entity; however, its clinical manifestations closely resemble conditions categorized under Yonivyapad, particularly Garbhashaya Grivagata Vrana and Karnini Yonivyapad. According to Ayurveda, the pathology arises from Vata–Kapha vitiation, impaired Agni, accumulation of Ama, and localized tissue derangement. Management principles emphasize Dosha Shamana, Agni Deepana, Ama Pachana, and local measures aimed at Vrana Shodhana and Vrana Ropana. Various local therapeutic modalities such as Yoni Varti, Yoni Pichu, Yoni Lepana, and Yoni Prakshalana are advocated. Yoni Varti, a medicated vaginal suppository, facilitates wound cleansing, reduces inflammation, and promotes mucosal healing. Several formulations including Darvyadi, Nimbapatradi, Tiladi, and Dhatakyadi Yoni Varti have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in preliminary clinical and pharmaceutical studies. This review presents an integrative overview of cervical erosion, its Ayurvedic correlation, the therapeutic rationale of Yoni Varti, available evidence, safety considerations, and future research directions.