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Canadian Monitoring Program for Surface Contamination with 11 Antineoplastic Drugs in 126 Centres: Results for 2023

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Background: Occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs can lead to long-term adverse effects on workers’ health. Objective: To describe contamination with 11 antineoplastic drugs measured on surfaces within health care centres. Methods: Centres sampled 12 standardized sites: 6 in oncology pharmacies and 6 in outpatient clinics. Samples were analyzed by ultra- performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Results: A total of 126 Canadian centres participated over the period January to April 2023. Cyclophosphamide (411/1476, 28%) and gemcitabine (352/1476, 24%) were frequently found on surfaces; less than 10% of samples were contaminated with the other 9 drugs. The 90th percentile of concentration was 0.0095 ng/cm2 for cyclophosphamideand 0.0040 ng/cm2 for gemcitabine. The armrest of a treatment chair (93/123, 76%) and the front grille inside the biological safety cabinet (61/123, 50%) were frequently contaminated with cyclophosphamide. Conclusions: This monitoring program allowed centres to benchmark their contamination and helped increased awareness. Frequent decontamination, safe handling practices, and the use of personal protective equipment are mandatory. Keywords: occupational exposure, surface monitoring, antineoplastic drugs, cyclophosphamide, gemcitabine RÉSUMÉ Contexte : L’exposition des travailleurs aux médicaments antinéoplasiques peut mener à des effets indésirables à long terme sur leur santé. Objectif : Décrire la contamination des surfaces des établissements de santé à 11 antinéoplasiques. Méthodologie : Les établissements participants ont échantillonné 12 surfaces standardisées, soit 6 dans les pharmacies d’oncologie et 6 dans les cliniques externes. Les échantillons étaient analysés par chromatographie liquide à ultra haute performance couplée à la spectrométrie de masse. Résultats : Au total, 126 établissements canadiens ont participé entre janvier et avril 2023. Le cyclophosphamide (411/1476, 28 %) et la gemcitabine (352/1476, 24 %) étaient fréquemment mesurés sur les surfaces; moins de 10% des échantillons étaient contaminés avec les neuf autres médicaments dosés. Le 90e percentile de la concentration était de 0,0095 ng/cm2 pour le cyclophosphamide et de 0,0040 ng/cm2 pour la gemcitabine. Les bras des fauteuils d’administration (93/123, 76 %) et les grilles des enceintes de sécurité biologique (61/123, 50 %) étaient fréquemment contaminés avec le cyclophosphamide. Conclusions : Ce programme de surveillance a permis aux établissements de comparer leur contamination et d’accroître la sensibilisation des travailleurs. La décontamination fréquente, les pratiques de manipulation sécuritaires et le port d’équipement de protection individuelle sont essentiels. Mots clés : exposition professionnelle, surveillance environnementale, antinéoplasiques, cyclophosphamide, gemcitabine
Title: Canadian Monitoring Program for Surface Contamination with 11 Antineoplastic Drugs in 126 Centres: Results for 2023
Description:
Background: Occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs can lead to long-term adverse effects on workers’ health.
Objective: To describe contamination with 11 antineoplastic drugs measured on surfaces within health care centres.
Methods: Centres sampled 12 standardized sites: 6 in oncology pharmacies and 6 in outpatient clinics.
Samples were analyzed by ultra- performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry.
Results: A total of 126 Canadian centres participated over the period January to April 2023.
Cyclophosphamide (411/1476, 28%) and gemcitabine (352/1476, 24%) were frequently found on surfaces; less than 10% of samples were contaminated with the other 9 drugs.
The 90th percentile of concentration was 0.
0095 ng/cm2 for cyclophosphamideand 0.
0040 ng/cm2 for gemcitabine.
The armrest of a treatment chair (93/123, 76%) and the front grille inside the biological safety cabinet (61/123, 50%) were frequently contaminated with cyclophosphamide.
Conclusions: This monitoring program allowed centres to benchmark their contamination and helped increased awareness.
Frequent decontamination, safe handling practices, and the use of personal protective equipment are mandatory.
Keywords: occupational exposure, surface monitoring, antineoplastic drugs, cyclophosphamide, gemcitabine RÉSUMÉ Contexte : L’exposition des travailleurs aux médicaments antinéoplasiques peut mener à des effets indésirables à long terme sur leur santé.
Objectif : Décrire la contamination des surfaces des établissements de santé à 11 antinéoplasiques.
Méthodologie : Les établissements participants ont échantillonné 12 surfaces standardisées, soit 6 dans les pharmacies d’oncologie et 6 dans les cliniques externes.
Les échantillons étaient analysés par chromatographie liquide à ultra haute performance couplée à la spectrométrie de masse.
Résultats : Au total, 126 établissements canadiens ont participé entre janvier et avril 2023.
Le cyclophosphamide (411/1476, 28 %) et la gemcitabine (352/1476, 24 %) étaient fréquemment mesurés sur les surfaces; moins de 10% des échantillons étaient contaminés avec les neuf autres médicaments dosés.
Le 90e percentile de la concentration était de 0,0095 ng/cm2 pour le cyclophosphamide et de 0,0040 ng/cm2 pour la gemcitabine.
Les bras des fauteuils d’administration (93/123, 76 %) et les grilles des enceintes de sécurité biologique (61/123, 50 %) étaient fréquemment contaminés avec le cyclophosphamide.
Conclusions : Ce programme de surveillance a permis aux établissements de comparer leur contamination et d’accroître la sensibilisation des travailleurs.
La décontamination fréquente, les pratiques de manipulation sécuritaires et le port d’équipement de protection individuelle sont essentiels.
Mots clés : exposition professionnelle, surveillance environnementale, antinéoplasiques, cyclophosphamide, gemcitabine.

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