Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Potential of Lantana camara with special Reference to Syrup Formulation

Lantana camara Linn., a member of the Verbenaceae family, is a widely distributed ornamental and medicinal plant found throughout tropical and subtropical regions. Originally native to the Americas, it has naturalized across India and other countries, earning recognition as both an invasive weed and a potent medicinal herb. The plant exhibits diverse pharmacological activities due to its rich phytochemical composition, which includes alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds. Traditionally, Lantana camara has been utilized to treat ailments such as cough, cold, fever, rheumatism, wounds, and skin infections. Various plant parts—leaves, roots, flowers, and bark—exhibit significant antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and antiulcer properties. The present review aims to formulate and evaluate a herbal syrup of Lantana camara for potential therapeutic use in respiratory diseases. The study focuses on extraction and phytochemical screening, formulation using suitable excipients, evaluation of syrup stability and activity, pharmacological assessment for antitussive effects, and toxicity analysis to ensure safety. Owing to its broad spectrum of biological activities and natural abundance, Lantana camara offers immense potential as a source of novel herbal formulations. This review consolidates existing literature on its taxonomy, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and traditional uses to provide a scientific basis for future research and therapeutic applications of Lantana camara-based formulations.