State of Art of Arctic EER

This paper describes developments in technologies, engineering and analysis, and regulatory provisions relating to arctic Escape Evacuation and Rescue (EER). The developing national and international regulatory performance based regime has necessitated the development of tools for the evaluation and setting of performance based goals such as availability and reliability requirements, mirrored in current draft Transport Canada and ISO standards. To facilitate the reliability assessment and consequent setting of reliability targets in the Canadian standards, a multifaceted research and development program was initiated in parallel with its regulatory developments. Full scale manned and model tests, engineering and computer simulation, and world wide consultations and studies on human performance in life threatening conditions, comprise this R&D program. Use of conventional EER systems and technologies has limited applicability in ice populated waters, requiring the development of systems and procedures suited to the environmental, operational, and logistical requirements of arctic offshore regions. The paper summarizes available and emerging regulatory, modeling and research, and technological developments in arctic EER and gives recommendations on a number of promising directions.