İbn Teymiyyede Fırak Yazıcılığı

Heresiography in Ibn Taymiyya One of the important figures of the Ahl al-Hadith-Hanbali tradition, Ibn Taymiyya (d. 728/1328), as a result of his polemical personality, multifaceted scholarly identity, and extensive intellectual legacy, has been associated both historically and in the present day with various different disciplines. At the forefront of these disciplines are fields such as kalām, philosophy, logic, fiqh, usūl, history, history of religions, tafsir, and hadith. In both his independent works and his corpus-like compilations, there is a great deal of information and discussion regarding these disciplines. The History of Islamic Sects should also be added to the disciplines listed above. Although he has not been characterized as a firaq author associated with this discipline in the past or present, our claim is exactly the opposite. Ibn Taymiyya has done far more than what would be required to be associated with the discipline of the History of Islamic Sects or to be mentioned as an author of firaq. When some of Ibn Taymiyyas works are examined through aspects such as heresiography and association with the discipline of the History of Islamic Sects, one encounters a great deal of data. His presenting of independent or comparative information about sects, addressing the origins of sects and the regions where they spread, engaging in discussions about whether the structures presented as sects in classical works are actually sects, touching on the relationship of sects with madhabs, Sufism, and philosophers, evaluating the views of sects based on variables such as acceptance or rejection, opening a wide range of topics for discussion through the lens of sects, and adopting a writing style that could be called comparative heresiography are among the foremost aspects of these matters. When looking at the fundamental characteristics of the heresiography of Ibn Taymiyya mentioned above, the first point that emerges is that the relevant heresiography was not presented through texts structured as a firaq or a maqalat. Therefore, instead of authoring an independent firaq or maqalat work, he preferred to explore the heresiography in certain major works. The second point to be mentioned is that Ibn viii Taymiyyas heresiography sometimes manifested in terms of a firqa but mostly centered around the topic. In this context, the views of different firqas on a topic have been examined in a comparative manner. In some cases, issues have been approached from a broader perspective, incorporating madhabs, Sufism, philosophy, and the significant representatives of all these traditions in the discussions. Thus, it was intended to be viewed as if from the perspective of a major body of knowledge that had found a place in Islamic intellectual history up to the eighth century AH, with firqas being central to the matters. While all this was being done, sometimes the change and transformation in the historical process were also considered, and especially the relationship and interaction between firqas were brought to the agenda. Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that, in order to make this effort more meaningful, a writing style that occasionally provides independent information about firqas has been adopted. Keywords: History of Islamic Sects; Ibn Taymiyya; Heresiography; Maqalat Tradition; Ahl al-Hadith; Hanbalism