Al-Farabi – The Sage of Turkic-Islamic Civilization (870–950)

This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the values of spiritual perfection in Abu Naṣr al-Farabi’s doctrine of the virtuous state and their philosophical significance. The thinker’s concept of the “virtuous city” is examined as a fundamental theory that defines the essence of human inner development and a social structure grounded in intellect, wisdom, and virtue. The study systematizes al-Farabi’s ideas reconsidered from a modern perspective and explores his socio-philosophical views through a new methodological lens. Such a renewed approach makes it possible to identify the interconnectedness of the thinker’s metaphysical, theological, and ontological propositions. The authors scientifically substantiate that al-Farabi’s views on being, human nature, and the Creator form a coherent philosophical system. In addition, the article analyzes al-Farabi’s contribution to the culture of logical reasoning, his rational principles in epistemology, and his perspectives on education and upbringing in connection with contemporary humanities. It also provides brief information about Farabi’s homeland, the historical and cultural environment that shaped his personality, and the role of this environment in the formation of his intellectual legacy. The study concludes by highlighting the value of al-Farabi’s philosophical heritage and its significance for modern society, spirituality, and human education. Finally, it substantiates the universal character of the thinker’s ideas and the scientific-theoretical potential of applying them in today’s intellectual landscape. The article represents an important research work that offers a new perspective for a deeper understanding of Farabi’s teachings.