Evaluation of biopesticidal activity of Parthenium hysterophorus

ABSTRACT In India, Parthenium hysterophorus is locally known as carrot grass, congress grass, gajar ghas or dhanura. Parthenium hysterophorus, a highly invasive plant species belonging to the family Asteraceae, has gained attention due to its potential in controlling pests through biopesticidal properties. This review explores the biopesticidal activity of P. hysterophorus extracts against common agricultural pests like aphids, mealy bug, termites, cotton bollworm, moth, fall armyworm etc. The plant contains various bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids and alkaloids, which contribute to its pesticidal effects. Literature has suggested that the methanolic extracts exhibited the highest toxicity, with significant mortality rates in the treated pest populations Spodoptera litura and Aphis gossypii followed by ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Some bioactive components in Parthenium were identified as key contributors to its pesticidal action, including sesquiterpene lactones and phenols. Additionally, the plant’s impact on the pest growth, development, and reproduction was also observed, showing substantial interruption in life cycle processes. The literature has suggested that P. hysterophorus can act as a natural bio pesticide and a good alternative for pest management in sustainable agriculture. This review briefly discussed the selected studies from a few past years regarding the biopesticidal activity of P. hysterophorus against various pests. It highlights the potential of utilizing plant-derived compounds to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides, thus contributing to integrated pest management strategies and promoting eco-friendly farming practices. Keywords: Parthenium hysterophorus, Allelopathy, Natural pesticides, Insecticidal activity Weed management