Jourdan‐Ullmann Reaction

AbstractThe copper‐promoted amination of aryl halides with aniline to form diarylamines in the presence of a base is now known as the Jourdan–Ullmann condensation or Jourdan–Ullmann reaction. Generally, the aryl halides of the electron‐withdrawing groups work better than the ones of electron‐donating substituents in the Jourdan–Ullmann condensation. Copper acetate and cuprous iodide are used as the catalysts for this reaction. In addition, many other nucleophiles have been used couple with aryl halides, and even the sodium derivative of ethyl malonate and similar compounds of active methylene groups. The reaction has been modified via ultrasound and microwave techniques. Further, this reaction has been extended toO‐ andS‐arylation in the presence of polycoordinate ligand for the synthesis of diaryl ether. This reaction has been widely used in the preparation of diarylamines, which convert into acridone and acridine derivatives.