Prevalence of Hallux Valgus Deformity in Enugu Metropolis, Southeast Nigeria

Abstract Background: Hallux abducto valgus (HAV) is defined as a deformity of the first metatarsophalangeal joint toward the midline of the foot due to the eversion and abduction of the hallux. It is a common structural foot deformity in which the angular deviation of the hallux is greater than 15° toward the lesser toes with respect to the first metatarsal bone. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the prevalence of hallux valgus and the effects of age, gender, and familial tendency on hallux valgus deformity in Enugu metropolis, Southeast Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire based study involving 1000 participants aged 11 - 80 years. This study explored the prevalence of HAV deformity on the feet of the respondents. The data was collected using a specially designed proforma and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS version 21). Results: Out of the 1000 participants 136 (13.6%) had hallux valgus deformity. The prevalence increases with age with peak age range of 61 - 70 years (48.5%, n = 33). A large majority, 82.4% (n = 112) had family history of HAV, and more than half (52.9%, n = 72) had the condition in both feet. Conclusion: HAV is common in Enugu, Southeast Nigeria. Majority have family history and occur in both feet.