A Renewable Biofuel-Bioethanol: A Review

Bioethanol, a renewable and sustainable biofuel, has emerged as a promising solution to address environmental and energy challenges. This comprehensive review explores the historical development, various biomass feedstocks, production processes, and the environmental and economic benefits of bioethanol. It also delves into the challenges associated with bioethanol production and the distinct categories of bioethanol, including first-generation, second-generation, and advanced types. Additionally, the review assesses the role of bioethanol as a transportation fuel and examines the policy and regulatory framework that influences its production and consumption. It highlights emerging technologies and potential breakthroughs, emphasizing the significance of consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), synthetic biology, and algae-based bioethanol. The discussion of government incentives, mandates, and subsidies adds a crucial dimension to the assessment of bioethanol's future prospects. This review sheds light on the multidimensional aspects of bioethanol and its role in promoting sustainable energy solutions.