A CLINICO DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF ACUTE CALCULOUS AND ACUTE ACALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS–A CROSS- SECTIONAL STUDY

Introduction:Acute cholecystitis is a common cause of acute abdomen and a frequently encountered surgical emergency. Acalculous cholecystitis is a life-threatening disorder that has a high risk of perforation and necrosis compared to the more typical calculous disease. A varying degree of inflammation is seen among them. Objectives: To document the baseline clinico demography of acute calculous and acute acalculous cholecystitis in this part of the country. Methods: Across sectional study was conducted from January, 2021 to June, 2022 in the Department of Surgery, RIMS Hospital, Imphal. Patients above 18 years who were diagnosed with acute cholecystitis and undergone cholecystectomy during the study period were included in the study. Age, sex, marital status, family history, HTN, DM, clinical history like, fever, pain, vomiting, etc., clinical examination findings like tenderness, Icterus, etc. were the independent variables. Outcome variables were intraoperative findings like type of stones, GB status, HPE findings, etc. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS-version-21. Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used for proportions. A pvalue of <0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Out of 100 cholecystectomy patients included in the study 74% were females. Majority of the participants (30%) were in the age group of 31-40 years. All the patients had tenderness at right hypochondrium and Murphy's sign were present. Calculous cholecystitis was seen in 78% and acalculous cholecystitis in 22% of the patients. GB inflammation and GB mucocele were significantly associated with acalculous cholecystitis. But GB adhesion was significantly associated with calculous cholecystitis. Conclusion: Acalculous cholecystitis does occur in few and associated with complications, thus it should not be neglected. Ayoung patient with absent of calculous in USG having signs and symptoms of acute cholecystitis with positive family history should be suspected to have acalculous cholecystitis. Early diagnosis and operation should be done at the earliest for both cholecystitis to avoid complications like empyema, adhesion with omentum and other viscera.