Flakka (α -PVP): Mode of Action, Side Effects and Treatment

Newly introduced psychoactive substances (NPS) are being used as drugs and are becoming enormously popular. The most common components in these novel medications are synthetic cathinones. One of the most wellknown cathinone-designed drug is α-pyrrolidopentadione (α-PVP), commonly known as "Flakka". α-PVP, like other synthetic cathinone medications, has the ability to block norepinephrine and dopamine transmitters. Mania, tachycardia, and hallucinations are the most common side effects of α-PVP. In this review a brief history, mechanism of action, and effects of the strong synthetic cathinone a-pyrrolidinovalerophenone, as well as therapeutic possibilities of α-PVP or flakka or zombie drug have been discussed.