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Ullmann Coupling
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Abstract
This reaction is a copper‐promoted reductive coupling between aryl halides to form biaryls and is generally referred to as the Ullmann coupling. The study finds that aryl iodides and good quality of copper powder are often used for this coupling. In addition, the Ullmann coupling can also be applied to prepare unsymmetrical biaryls from two different aryl halides. Besides the coupling of aryl halide in the presence of copper, aryl carbanion (needs substoichiometric amount of metal salt, and milder conditions) and neutral aryl can be coupled in the presence of a copper reagent. The drawbacks of this reaction have also been discussed for this coupling.
Title: Ullmann Coupling
Description:
Abstract
This reaction is a copper‐promoted reductive coupling between aryl halides to form biaryls and is generally referred to as the Ullmann coupling.
The study finds that aryl iodides and good quality of copper powder are often used for this coupling.
In addition, the Ullmann coupling can also be applied to prepare unsymmetrical biaryls from two different aryl halides.
Besides the coupling of aryl halide in the presence of copper, aryl carbanion (needs substoichiometric amount of metal salt, and milder conditions) and neutral aryl can be coupled in the presence of a copper reagent.
The drawbacks of this reaction have also been discussed for this coupling.
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