EVALUATION OF GRAPE PRODUCTION PRACTICES AMONG VINE GROWERS IN GUZARA DISTRICT OF HERAT PROVINCE

This research was conducted in 2024 in Siyavashan village, located in Guzara district of Herat province, with the aim of evaluating the grape production practices in the area. The primary goal of the study was to identify the existing challenges and opportunities in grape cultivation in Siyavashan and to propose strategies for improving productivity and efficiency among local vine growers. Data were collected from a sample of 60 participants using pre-designed questionnaires. The gathered information included details on production methods, literacy levels, farming experience, and the economic status of the grape growers. Findings from the research show that 50% of the respondents had an average level of knowledge regarding grape production techniques. Moreover, 63.33% of the respondents belonged to the older age group (above 50 years). Illiteracy was prevalent among 51.67% of the participants. About 65% of the farmers had medium-sized families (4–8 members), and the majority (61.67%) owned small vineyards ranging from 1 to 3 jeribs (1Hectar = 5 Jeribs). A significant 96.67% of respondents had extensive farming experience of over 10 years. In terms of annual income, 45% of the respondents fell into the middle-income bracket, earning between 121,556.62 and 370,943.37 Afghanis. The study indicates that most grape growers in the area face numerous challenges primarily due to a lack of attention and support from the government. Targeted governmental support and interventions could play a crucial role in improving the living conditions and productivity of these farmers.