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Isolation and Characterization of Copper-Resistant Bacteria Pseudomonas alcaligenes CuFr 1.1 and Pseudomonas chengduensis CuFr 1.3 from Tembagapura Mine, Papua
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Abstrak
Kontaminasi tembaga di tanah merupakan ancaman serius bagi ekosistem dan kesehatan manusia karena efek toksiknya terhadap tanaman, hewan, dan manusia. Salah satu sumber utama pencemaran ini adalah tambang Tembagapura di Papua. Pendekatan yang efektif untuk mengurangi pencemaran tembaga adalah bioremediasi menggunakan bakteri indigenous yang diisolasi dari lingkungan tercemar karena telah beradaptasi dengan kondisi setempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengisolasi bakteri resisten tembaga, (2) mengkarakterisasi morfologi koloninya, (3) menguji resistensi terhadap tembaga, dan (4) mengidentifikasi isolat terpilih berdasarkan gen 16S rDNA. Sampel tanah dikumpulkan dari area tambang Tembagapura dan isolasi bakteri dilakukan menggunakan media Luria Bertani (LB) yang ditambahkan 3 mM CuSO₄. Pengujian resistensi dilakukan dengan metode gores (streak plate) untuk menentukan nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum (MIC). Lima isolat bakteri resisten tembaga yang berhasil diperoleh: CuFr 1.1, CuFr 1.2, CuFr 1.3, CuFr 2.1, dan CuFr 2.2. Di antara kelima isolat tersebut, CuFr 1.1 dan CuFr 1.3 menunjukkan resistensi tertinggi dengan nilai MIC mencapai 9 mM. Identifikasi molekuler berdasarkan sekuens gen 16S rDNA menunjukkan bahwa CuFr 1.1 adalah Pseudomonas alcaligenes, sedangkan CuFr 1.3 adalah Pseudomonas chengduensis. Temuan ini merupakan laporan awal mengenai keberadaan bakteri indigenous resisten tembaga dari tambang Tembagapura. Isolat tersebut menunjukkan potensi besar sebagai biosorben tembaga dan kandidat agen bioremediasi pada lokasi yang terkontaminasi. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi mekanisme biosorpsi dan efektivitasnya pada skala lapangan.
Abstract
Copper contamination in soil poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health due to its toxic effects on plants, animals, and humans. One major source of this pollution is the Tembagapura mine in Papua. An effective approach to mitigate copper pollution is bioremediation using indigenous bacteria isolated from contaminated environments, as they are better adapted to local conditions. This study aimed to: (1) isolate copper-resistant bacteria, (2) characterize their colony morphology, (3) assess their resistance to copper, and (4) identify selected isolates based on the 16S rDNA gene. Soil samples were collected from the Tembagapura mining site, and bacterial isolation was performed using Luria Bertani agar supplemented with 3 mM CuSO₄. Resistance testing was conducted using the streak plate method to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). Five copper-resistant bacterial isolates were obtained: CuFr 1.1, CuFr 1.2, CuFr 1.3, CuFr 2.1, and CuFr 2.2. Among these, CuFr 1.1 and CuFr 1.3 exhibited the highest resistance, with MIC values reaching 9 mM. Molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that CuFr 1.1 is Pseudomonas alcaligenes, while CuFr 1.3 is Pseudomonas chengduensis. These findings provide the first report of copper-resistant indigenous bacteria from the Tembagapura mine. The isolates show promising potential for development as copper biosorbents and future application as bioremediation agents at contaminated sites. Further research is needed to explore their biosorption mechanisms and performance in field-scale applications.
National Research and Innovation Agency
Title: Isolation and Characterization of Copper-Resistant Bacteria Pseudomonas alcaligenes CuFr 1.1 and Pseudomonas chengduensis CuFr 1.3 from Tembagapura Mine, Papua
Description:
Abstrak
Kontaminasi tembaga di tanah merupakan ancaman serius bagi ekosistem dan kesehatan manusia karena efek toksiknya terhadap tanaman, hewan, dan manusia.
Salah satu sumber utama pencemaran ini adalah tambang Tembagapura di Papua.
Pendekatan yang efektif untuk mengurangi pencemaran tembaga adalah bioremediasi menggunakan bakteri indigenous yang diisolasi dari lingkungan tercemar karena telah beradaptasi dengan kondisi setempat.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengisolasi bakteri resisten tembaga, (2) mengkarakterisasi morfologi koloninya, (3) menguji resistensi terhadap tembaga, dan (4) mengidentifikasi isolat terpilih berdasarkan gen 16S rDNA.
Sampel tanah dikumpulkan dari area tambang Tembagapura dan isolasi bakteri dilakukan menggunakan media Luria Bertani (LB) yang ditambahkan 3 mM CuSO₄.
Pengujian resistensi dilakukan dengan metode gores (streak plate) untuk menentukan nilai konsentrasi hambat minimum (MIC).
Lima isolat bakteri resisten tembaga yang berhasil diperoleh: CuFr 1.
1, CuFr 1.
2, CuFr 1.
3, CuFr 2.
1, dan CuFr 2.
2.
Di antara kelima isolat tersebut, CuFr 1.
1 dan CuFr 1.
3 menunjukkan resistensi tertinggi dengan nilai MIC mencapai 9 mM.
Identifikasi molekuler berdasarkan sekuens gen 16S rDNA menunjukkan bahwa CuFr 1.
1 adalah Pseudomonas alcaligenes, sedangkan CuFr 1.
3 adalah Pseudomonas chengduensis.
Temuan ini merupakan laporan awal mengenai keberadaan bakteri indigenous resisten tembaga dari tambang Tembagapura.
Isolat tersebut menunjukkan potensi besar sebagai biosorben tembaga dan kandidat agen bioremediasi pada lokasi yang terkontaminasi.
Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi mekanisme biosorpsi dan efektivitasnya pada skala lapangan.
Abstract
Copper contamination in soil poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health due to its toxic effects on plants, animals, and humans.
One major source of this pollution is the Tembagapura mine in Papua.
An effective approach to mitigate copper pollution is bioremediation using indigenous bacteria isolated from contaminated environments, as they are better adapted to local conditions.
This study aimed to: (1) isolate copper-resistant bacteria, (2) characterize their colony morphology, (3) assess their resistance to copper, and (4) identify selected isolates based on the 16S rDNA gene.
Soil samples were collected from the Tembagapura mining site, and bacterial isolation was performed using Luria Bertani agar supplemented with 3 mM CuSO₄.
Resistance testing was conducted using the streak plate method to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC).
Five copper-resistant bacterial isolates were obtained: CuFr 1.
1, CuFr 1.
2, CuFr 1.
3, CuFr 2.
1, and CuFr 2.
2.
Among these, CuFr 1.
1 and CuFr 1.
3 exhibited the highest resistance, with MIC values reaching 9 mM.
Molecular identification using 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that CuFr 1.
1 is Pseudomonas alcaligenes, while CuFr 1.
3 is Pseudomonas chengduensis.
These findings provide the first report of copper-resistant indigenous bacteria from the Tembagapura mine.
The isolates show promising potential for development as copper biosorbents and future application as bioremediation agents at contaminated sites.
Further research is needed to explore their biosorption mechanisms and performance in field-scale applications.
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