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Atonement

Atonement, in the general sense, is the state of being reconciled, which implies the reconciled parties are initially estranged. Atonement, in the usual sense, is the means by which reconciliation is achieved. Different religions have different views as to with whom, for what, and how humans reconcile. In the Christian religion, sin (original and actual) estranges humans from God. And Christian atonement refers to Christ's sacrifice that deals with sin so that God and humans may reconcile. There are at least six different theories of the atonement: the mystic, exemplarist, ransom, satisfaction, penal substitutionary, and merit theories. Each faces problems or needs to be further developed.

Wiley

Joseph Jedwab

The Encyclopedia of Philosophy of Religion

2021

Title: Atonement

Description:

Atonement, in the general sense, is the state of being reconciled, which implies the reconciled parties are initially estranged.

Atonement, in the usual sense, is the means by which reconciliation is achieved.

Different religions have different views as to with whom, for what, and how humans reconcile.

In the Christian religion, sin (original and actual) estranges humans from God.

And Christian atonement refers to Christ's sacrifice that deals with sin so that God and humans may reconcile.

There are at least six different theories of the atonement: the mystic, exemplarist, ransom, satisfaction, penal substitutionary, and merit theories.

Each faces problems or needs to be further developed.

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This essay explores a contemporary approach to Christian atonement theology based on the liturgical background to New Testament understandings of the Cross and Resurrection. This a...

Divine Love, Divine Holiness, and the Atonement

Abstract The chapter contrasts what we should expect and require from a theory of Atonement if we take divine action to be governed by the holiness framework and if ...

"Participation and Atonement: An Analytic and Constructive Account " by Oliver D. Crisp and "Total Atonement: Trinitarian Participation in the Reconciliation of Humanity and Creation" by W. Ross Hastings

Reviewed works: Oliver D. Crisp, Participation and Atonement: An Analytic and Constructive Account (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic, 2022), pp. xi + 259, ISBN 978-0801049965...

Eleonore Stump’s Critique of Penal Substitutionary Atonement Theories

The first three chapters of Eleonore Stump’s Atonement are devoted to a critique of atonement theories she styles “Anselmian,” including penal substitutionary theories. I focus on ...

Latter-day Saints and the Atonement in the New Testament

While Book of Mormon theology is normative for Latter-day Saint understandings of atonement, the earliest Latter-day Saints came from Protestant backgrounds. Because of this, the N...

Introduction

This introduction offers an overview of the Latter-day Saint view on atonement by situating it within the broader historical context of nineteenth-century American religion and dis...

Reconciliation and Atonement

The concept of atonement was central to Eugene England’s religious thought, and he used the term in an idiosyncratic way. He focused on its etymological root—“at–one–ment”—and deve...

Craig on Atonement

In this response paper I consider two issues that relate to Craig’s response to my own work on atonement, and which are, I think, at the heart of much recent criticism of penal sub...

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Atonement

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