Project Execution Models and Knowledge Management

Projects are one-time activities that are aimed at achieving a particular objective within limited time and limited resources. Though projects are per definition unique, they also have known elements, such as known methods, approaches and solutions. Hence, projects are considered as learning arenas where new knowledge is developed (knowledge exploration), and existing knowledge is shared with other members of the projects (knowledge exploitation). Several measures are taken to ensure effective and efficient execution of projects. One such measure is to use project execution models. These models provide guidelines for project managers to conduct their projects effectively. They are developed based on the best practices and lessons learned over a period of time. They give a standard way of conducting projects in organizations. In this regard, it is interesting to look at project execution models with respect to knowledge management. This paper describes the connection between the application of project execution models and knowledge management by looking at concepts / theories that are related to knowledge sharing and learning. It also takes into consideration the topics of organizational structure and organizational culture to discuss the use of project execution models. Information about project execution models that are used in two municipalities in Norway serves as a background for this paper. Qualitative research method was applied in this study. Interviews were conducted to collect data. In addition to the interviews, document study was carried out to obtain more detail about the project execution models that are used in the municipalities. The study on which this paper is based, is connected to a pre-project that is financed by Project Norway. Project Norway is a national competence center for the development of future project processes through research and knowledge sharing.