A Review on Biomechanics and Development of Finite Element Models of Human Head Neck System

Abstract: The biomechanics of human head neck system could be better understood by creating finite element models of the same that accurately represents most of the components of head and neck. The initial geometry of the human head and neck was obtained using the computer tomography scans. The finite element models are created from these computed tomography scans and are further undergone through the various analysis procedures of finite element analysis. Thus, the developed finite element head neck models could be studied for various kinds of impacts acting on the head neck system during the time of any vehicle collisions, spaceflights etc. The development of these models and the various impact studies helps in the safety of the people. In this paper the concept of Finite element method, application of finite element method in biomechanics and various steps involved in this method are discussed in detail. Similarly, the finite element models of head and neck system developed by various researchers are also considered.