Contamination and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Soil Surrounding an Automobile Industry factory in JiaXing, China

Abstract The auto parts industry occupies an important strategic position in our national economy, which brings about the pollution problem in the processing of auto parts, especially in the soil polluted by heavy metals. Soil samples were collected from an automobile parts company in Jiaxing, China, and the data were evaluated by the land accumulation index method. It is found that the heavy metal pollution in the downwind direction of the Automobile Parts Co., Ltd. is mainly As, CD, Zn mixed heavy metal pollution, the distribution is not uniform. The coefficient of variation of As was the largest, and the regional variation amplitude was larger. The coefficient of variation of CD, Cr and Ni is 50%, the coefficient of variation of Zn is 39.38%, and the coefficient of variation of PB is the lowest. The accumulative index of AS and CD was 6, which was a very serious pollution. The content of As was 1994.7 mg/kg, the multiple of over-standard was more than 44 times, and the distribution of As in soil was irregular. The pollution level of Zn is Grade 3, which belongs to moderate pollution. The farther away from the downwind outlet of the plant, the lower the pollution degree of heavy metals in the soil. According to the health risk assessment, the main route of heavy metals entering the body is through the mouth, through the way of breathing. Exposure to heavy metals is far less harmful than oral exposure, so we need to pay special attention to farmland soil heavy metal pollution.