Primary caregiver burden and its associated factors among patients with cancer in Northwest Amhara comprehensive specialized hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021. Multicenter cross-sectional study

Abstract Introduction: The diagnosis of cancer is a devastating event that profoundly impacts both patients and their primary caregivers, often leading to emotional and physical distress. This can be challenging, especially as more cancer care is provided at home, placing a greater burden on primary caregivers. Several studies have indicated a high prevalence of primary caregiver burden. Despite this, there is a scarcity of published articles about primary caregiver burden among cancer patients in Ethiopia. Objectives This study aimed to assess the prevalence of primary caregiver burden and associated factors among adult cancer patients at Northwest Amhara Referral Hospitals, oncology treatment units, Northwest Ethiopia, 2021. Methods An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted across hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia, employing a systematic random selection of 422 primary caregivers for cancer patients. Data was gathered through standardized interviews and medical record reviews and analyzed using dedicated software. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression were carried out to identify factors associated with primary caregiver burden. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were considered significantly associated with primary caregiver burden. Results The prevalence of primary caregiver burden was 62.96%. Primary caregivers of a cancer patient with a second level of wealth index (AOR = 2.68, 95% CI: 1.16–6.19) and primary caregivers of a cancer patient with depression (AOR = 4.79, 95% CI: 2.93–7.14) were significantly associated with primary caregiver burden. Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of primary caregiver burden among adult cancer patients was prevalent. Healthcare providers in oncological settings should prioritize recognizing and supporting primary caregivers, especially those facing financial strain (the second-wealthiest group) and caring for depressed primary caregivers. Early screening and targeted interventions are crucial for their well-being.