Depression, Anxiety and Associated Factors among Housemaids Working in Addis Ababa Ethiopia

Abstract Background: Housemaids are part of women’s with low socioeconomic status and most of them are migrant from rural to central part of Ethiopia, less educated, either with poor, separated, single or divorced family and/or dead parents. Housemaid may experience problems like depression and anxiety more than other groups of women. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and determinants of those problems among housemaids. Objective: to assess the magnitude and determinants of depression & anxiety among housemaids in Addis Ababa; Ethiopia; 2018. Methods: community based cross-sectional study was conduct from January 2018 – August 2018 housemaid working in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Multistage sampling technique was applied with a total of 826 samples. Quantitative data was employed by using structured questionnaires. The collected data was coded, entered in to Epi-Info version 7 and analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Descriptive, analytical statistical procedures; bivariate and multivariate binary logistic regressions with odds ratios and 95% confidence interval was employed. The statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05. Results: This study enrolled 862 participants with response rate 99.5%. The result showed that prevalence of depression and anxiety found 27.5% (95% CI= 24.3 – 30.40) and 32.3% (95% CI= 29.3 - 35.4) respectively. Among all participants 44.6% (95% CI= 41.0 – 47.9) have mild, 18.5% (95% CI= 15.7 – 21.2) have moderate and 6.1% (95% CI= 4.5 – 7.8) have severe form of comorbid anxiety with depression. Both depression and anxiety found more (44.9% & 41.9% respectively) prevalent among age group 16 to 20. In this study history of parental divorce, divorce, physical violence and sexual violence are positively associated. Other factors; being less educated (not educated, 1 ry & 2 ry level of education) and living with relatives; were associated negatively. Conclusion: The prevalence of Depression and Anxiety is found high among housemaid; its prevalence is more among age group 16 to 20 than other age groups. Violence, divorce, history of parental divorce and no contraceptive use have positively associated with depression and anxiety.