Improvement method of frequency distribution characteristics of power grid based on integrated inertial control

Abstract The integration of large-scale renewable energy sources alters the frequency response characteristics at various nodes and exacerbates the spatial distribution of frequency within the grid. Current virtual inertia control methods for renewable energy sources are insufficient in providing adequate frequency support to the grid and face challenges in improving the spatial distribution of frequency characteristics. This study proposes an integrated inertia control approach that aims to improve the inertia support, frequency regulation capabilities, and frequency distribution characteristics of the power grid. Initially, an integrated inertia control model for renewable energy units is developed, incorporating parameters such as virtual inertia control, sag control, and torque control, to bolster the frequency response capabilities at system nodes. Subsequently, a mathematical model is constructed to quantitatively analyze the frequency spatial distribution characteristics of the nodes of the system, along with the introduction of quantitative indices to assess these characteristics. Finally, an enhanced IEEE 10-39 simulation model is used for analysis, with experimental results demonstrating that the proposed integrated inertia control method for renewable energy units significantly improves the frequency spatial distribution characteristics of the power grid. Furthermore, the mathematical model developed for the characteristics of the spatial distribution of frequencies exhibits a high level of precision.