Yoga Mudras and Physiological Benefits: A Narrative Review of Their Role in Cardiopulmonary Function

Yoga Mudras, specific hand gestures used in conjunction with pranayama and meditation, are believed to influence physiological functions, particularly those related to the circulatory and respiratory systems. This narrative review explores the impact of mudras on heart rate, blood pressure, and lung function, integrating traditional yogic wisdom with scientific findings. Studies suggest that certain mudras enhance blood circulation, stabilize autonomic nervous system responses, and improve oxygen saturation levels. Evidence also indicates that mudras, when practiced regularly, can aid in stress reduction, contributing to better cardiovascular health. Additionally, research on pranayama with mudras highlights its role in improving peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and respiratory efficiency. Although direct studies on mudras are limited, findings from broader Yoga-based interventions support their potential benefits in cardiopulmonary function. This review underscores the need for further high-quality research to establish mudras as a complementary approach in cardiovascular and respiratory health management.