Features of Ovarian Linear Dimensions and Structural Characteristics of Fallopian Tubes Depending on Body Side

BACKGROUND: The study of the female reproductive system remains relevant owing to the prevalence of pathologies that exhibit symmetrical and asymmetrical features. AIM: To identify morphological asymmetry patterns in the ovaries and fallopian tubes across their different anatomical regions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ultrasound of the ovaries was performed in 23 women aged 30–55 years (mean age: 43.0 ± 0.7 years) without reproductive system pathology and with no more than two pregnancies in history, with the last occurring 5 years prior to the study. The participants were in the premenopausal period and had normal pelvic dimensions. The length, width, and anteroposterior size of each ovary were measured, and ovarian volume was calculated. Micrometric analysis was conducted using postmortem material from 23 women of similar age, without reproductive system pathology, and deceased due to injuries unrelated to abdominal or pelvic organs. The thickness of the mucosal and muscular layers at the intramural part, isthmus, ampulla, and infundibulum of the fallopian tubes were measured. Statistical analysis included Student’s t-test to assess significant mean differences, Pearson’s correlation coefficient to evaluate proportional variability between parameters, and the Mann–Whitney U test to compare independent samples by the value of the fallopian tube parameters. RESULTS: Comparative analysis of the linear dimensions (i.e., length [p = 0.4041], width [p = 0.9443], anteroposterior size [p = 0.9525], and volume [p = 0.4215]) of the ovaries in women during the second period of adulthood based on ultrasound examination revealed larger right-sided measurements, averaging 1.557% greater. Micrometric measurements of the fallopian tubes during cadaveric examination showed a right-sided predominance averaging 0.649%. The Pearson correlation coefficients calculated to assess the proportional relationships between corresponding parameters of the right and left fallopian tubes indicated a strong positive correlation. The minimum correlation coefficient was 0.992 based on ultrasound data and 0.982 based on cadaveric material. Although no significant differences were found between the parameters of both ovaries and both fallopian tubes, percentage-based deviations demonstrated an average right-sided predominance of 0.731%. CONCLUSION: Comparative analysis of the ovarian sizes and micrometric measurements of the fallopian tubes showed a positive correlation between the corresponding right and left parameters.