Analisis Kerawanan Longsor dengan Aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis (SIG) di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman

Abstrak Bencana longsor dapat mengancam daerah permukiman, lahan pertanian, infrastruktur dan hutan seperti yang sering dijumpai di daerah perbukitan. Kondisi topografi di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman yang cukup landai serta terletak pada dua jalur patahan lempeng global mengakibatkan daerah tersebut rawan bencana longsor. Tujuan penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tingkat kerawanan dan risiko serta sebaran daerah longsor di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dengan melakukan skoring dan pembobotan terhadap parameter longsor. Hasil penelitian diperoleh areal dengan tingkat kerawan longsor rendah 2.899,13 ha (2,22%), kerentanan sedang 39.485,20 ha (30,24 %), kerentanan tinggi 29.706,89 ha (22,75%) dan kerentanan sangat tinggi 58.491,41 ha (44,79%).  Wilayah rawan longsor sangat tinggi banyak dijumpai di Limo Koto Timur (7.031,85 ha), IV Koto Aur Melintang (6.265,79 ha), Limo Koto Kampung Dalam (5.604,04 ha), Sungai Limau (5.341,70 ha), Dua Kali Sebelas Kayu Tanam (5.225,93 ha), Sungai Geringging (5.041,83 ha), dan Patamuan (4.218,86 ha). Pemetaan wilayah risiko longsor di Kabupaten Padang Pariaman didominasi oleh kelas risiko sedang yaitu 62.577,28 ha (47,92%). Sebaran wilayah kategori risiko sangat tinggi banyak dijumpai diantaranya di Kecamatan VII Koto Sungai Sarik (235,15 ha), Limo Koto Kampung Dalam (145,73 ha) dan Patamuan (142,42 ha). Kata kunci: longsor, peta, rawan, risiko, sistem informasi geografis Abstract Landslides can threaten residential areas, agricultural land, infrastructure and forests as is often found in hilly areas. The topography of Padang Pariaman Regency, which is quite sloping and located on two global plate fault lines, makes the area prone to landslides. The purpose of this study were to identify the level of vulnerability and risk as well as the distribution of landslide areas in Padang Pariaman Regency. This study uses secondary data by scoring and weighting the landslide parameters. The results showed that the area with low landslide susceptibility was 2.899,13 ha (2,22%), moderate vulnerability was 39.485,20 ha (30,24 %), high vulnerability was 29.706,89 ha (22,75%) and very high vulnerability was 58.491,41 ha (44,79%). Landslide prone areas are very high and often found in Limo Koto Timur (7.031,85 ha), IV Koto Aur Melintang (6.265,79 ha), Limo Koto Kampung Dalam (5.604,04 ha), Sungai Limau (5.341,70 ha), Twice Eleven Timber Plants (5.225,93 ha), Geringging River (5.041,83 ha), and Patamuan (4.218,86 ha). The mapping of landslide risk areas in Padang Pariaman Regency is dominated by the medium risk class, which is 62.577,28 ha (47,92%). The distribution of areas in the very high risk category is often found in District VII Koto Sungai Sarik (235,15 ha), Limo Koto Kampung Dalam (145,73 ha) and Patamuan (142,42 ha). Keywords: landslide, map, prone, risk, geographic information system