Modern approaches to the treatment of congenital neutropenia

Neutropenia is common in the practice of both primary care physicians and physicians of sub-speciality. Congenital neutropenia are rare diseases; they can be both isolated independent diseases and accompany a number of other inborn errors of immunity. The clinical course of neutropenia can range from asymptomatic in patients with mild neutropenia to life-threatening infections in cases of severe neutropenia. Treatment of congenital neutropenia remains discutable to this day. The most common and accessible method of treatment of severe congenital neutropenia is granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, although it does not cure the disease and does not prevent the development of malignant transformation. On the other hand, the use of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the correct doses can improve the clinical course of the disease, the quality of life of patients, avoid severe septic complications. Hematopoietic stem cell transplant is an effective treatment for severe congenital neutropenia that does not respond to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy. Modern methods of genetic therapy open new perspectives in the treatment of patients with severe congenital neutropenia. No conflict of interests was declared by the author. Key words: congenital neutropenia, treatment, Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF).