Key features of anaplastology of auricle for craniofacial microsomia

Congenital microtia (partial and total absence of auricle) are symptoms of craniofacial microsomia syndrome. One of the methods for restoring of auricle is anaplastology based on extraoral implants. Purpose of the study is to determine the key features of planning and anaplastology of the auricle in craniofacial mircosomia. Material and methods. The results of examination and treatment wereanalyzed. 111 children with craniofacial microsomia syndrome aged 0—18 years were identified from 2011 to 2022, 40 of examined persons (36%) underwent MSCT. For 12 patients the study was conducted 2 or more times. In the standard software the dimensions of the auricles were measured, as well as the thickness of the temporal bone corresponding the location of the auricle on the healthy side and the ear area on the affected side. Results. Regardless of the age and side of the lesion, even considering the sclerotic type of the structure of the temporal bone on the affected side, its thickness in patients with craniofacial microsomia in front of the pyramid is in most cases insufficient for implantation. The most optimal would-be implantation in the mastoid process, however, the safest area for trepanation and formation of the implant bed is the trepanation triangle. Conclusions. In patients with craniofacial microsomia, structural features of the temporal bone are determined: deformation and thinning of the scales, dystopia of the facial nerve canal, hypoplasia of the auditory ossicles and cochlea, sclerosis of the cells of the mastoid process. These nuances must be considered when planning both aesthetic and functional restoration of the external and middle ear. MSCT is the method of choice in the examination of this group of patients, without which the planning of surgical treatment is not possible.