Kadar serum 25-hidroksi vitamin D berkorelasi negatif dengan interleukin-17 pada acne vulgaris derajat berat

Background: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease in Indonesia. Inflammation is a key factor in its development. 25-hydroxy vitamin D or 25(OH)D is considered to have antioxidant and anticomedogenic properties in acne vulgaris, which are in contrast to the effects of the IL-17 cytokine. To date, studies involving vitamin D, IL-17, and severe acne vulgaris have not been quantitatively documented in Indonesia. Aim: This research aims to realize a negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D and IL-17 level in patients with severe acne vulgaris. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analytical study using a correlational approach involving 30 subjects through a consecutive sample technique. The samples included patients 12-45 years who suffered severe acne vulgaris in Bali, and willing to participate in the study concently. Blood samples were collected and prepared after consent was obtained. 25(OH)D and IL-17 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The research accomodated eight males (26.7%) against 22 females (73.3%). Both concentration data of 25(OH)D and IL-17 were normal (p>0.05). There was no significant difference in 25(OH)D or IL-17 levels between male and female subjects with severe acne vulgaris (p>0.05). 25(OH)D serum and IL-17 levels was correlated with each other (r=-0.349; p=0.029). The decrement of 25(OH)D levels contributed a significant severe acne vulgaris problem about 35% in data regression (p=0.05). Conclusion: There is a negative correlation between serum 25(OH)D and serum IL-17 levels in patients with severe acne vulgaris.     Latar belakang: Acne vulgaris merupakan penyakit kulit yang umum terjadi di Indonesia. Peradangan adalah faktor penting dalam timbulnya acne vulgaris. 25-hidroksi vitamin D atau 25(OH)D dianggap memiliki sifat antioksidan dan antikomedogenik pada kasus acne vulgaris yang bertolak belakang dengan pengaruh sitkon IL-17. Sejauh ini, kajian penelitian yang melibatkan 25(OH)D, sitokin IL-17, dan acne vulgaris derajat berat belum pernah terdokumentasi secara kuantitatif di Indonesia.  Tujuan: Untuk membuktikan adanya korelasi negatif kadar serum 25(OH)D dengan sitokin IL-17 pada penderita acne vulgaris derajat berat. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi analitik cross-sectional dengan pendekatan rancangan korelasional yang melibatkan 30 sampel berusia 12-45 tahun yang menderita acne vulgaris derajat berat secra consecutive sampling. Sampel darah diambil kemudian dilakukan preparasi pasca persetujuan subjek penelitian. Kadar 25(OH)D maupun IL-17 diukur menggunakan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS. Hasil: Sampel laki- laki 8 orang (26,7%), sementara perempuan lebih bayak 22 orang (73,3%). Data 25(OH)D maupun IL-17 terdistribusi normal (p>0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan kadar 25(OH)D maupun IL-17 yang signifikan pada subjek acne vulgaris derajat berat yang laki-laki dan perempuan (p > 0,05). Variabel penelitian kadar serum 25(OH)D dan kadar serum IL-17 saling berkorelasi satu sama lain (r= - 0,349; p = 0,029). Penurunan kadar 25(OH)D berkontribusi sebesar 35% secara signifikan pada perkembangan acne vulgaris derajat berat (p = 0,05). Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi negatif kadar serum 25(OH)D dengan serum IL-17 pada penderita acne vulgaris derajat berat.