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Enfant Terrible of The Three Kingdoms’ Empire: The Duke of Monmouth and The Restoration Regime

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Статья посвящена судьбе последнего мятежника королевской крови в Англии герцога Монмута. Особое место в системе функционирования европейских монархий Запада в начале раннего Нового времени занимали незаконнорожденные дети государей. Их статус был высоким в Испании, Франции и Англии. Стюарты второй половины XVII в. отличались большим количеством бастардов. Видное место в системе функционирования Трех Королевств при Карле II занимал его старший бастард Джеймс, герцог Монмут. Царственный отец устроил ему выгодный брак. Назначал на высшие придворные должности. Сделал командующим королевской армии. Монмут командовал экспедиционным корпусом во Фландрии. Громил шотландских мятежников в конце 1670-х гг. Однако герцог посчитал, что имеет право претендовать на престол после смерти своего отца. Карл II не имел официального потомства и наследником был его младший брат католик Яков, герцог Йоркский. Монмут стал выразителем мнений и ширмой для оппозиции Карлу II и Якову II. После смерти своего отца, летом 1685 г., герцог Монмут поднял восстание. Собрал отряд сторонников и высадился на Западе Англии. Его поддержали протестанты, выставившие отряды милиции. В битве при Седжмуре королевская армия разбила повстанцев. Монмут был пленен. Яков II приказал казнить мятежного племянника. Мятеж и казнь герцога стали важным и ярким сюжетом пропаганды, как королевской, так и оппозиционной. В статье разбираются некоторые аспекты этого процесса. The article is devoted to the fate of the last rebel of royal blood in England, the Duke of Monmouth. Illegitimate children of sovereigns occupied a special place in the system of functioning of the European monarchies of the West at the beginning of the Early Modern period. Their status was high in Spain, France and England. The Stuarts of the second half of the XVII century were distinguished by a large number of bastards. A prominent place in the system of functioning of the Three Kingdoms under Charles II was occupied by his eldest bastard James, Duke of Monmouth. The royal father arranged a profitable marriage for him. He was appointed to the highest court positions, was made the commander of the royal army. Monmouth commanded an expeditionary force in Flanders, defeated the Scottish rebels in the late 1670s. However, the duke considered that he had the right to claim the throne after the death of his father. Charles II had no official descendants and the heir was his younger brother, the catholic James, Duke of York. Monmouth became a voice of opinion and a screen for opposition to Charles II and James II. After the death of his father, in summer of 1685, the Duke of Monmouth rebelled. He gathered a group of supporters and landed in the West of England. He was supported by the Protestants, who fielded militia detachments. At the Battle of Sedgemoor, the royal army defeated the rebels. Monmouth was captured. James II ordered the execution of his rebellious nephew. The rebellion and execution of the duke became an important and vivid plot of propaganda, both royal and oppositional. The article deals with some aspects of this process.
Title: Enfant Terrible of The Three Kingdoms’ Empire: The Duke of Monmouth and The Restoration Regime
Description:
Статья посвящена судьбе последнего мятежника королевской крови в Англии герцога Монмута.
Особое место в системе функционирования европейских монархий Запада в начале раннего Нового времени занимали незаконнорожденные дети государей.
Их статус был высоким в Испании, Франции и Англии.
Стюарты второй половины XVII в.
отличались большим количеством бастардов.
Видное место в системе функционирования Трех Королевств при Карле II занимал его старший бастард Джеймс, герцог Монмут.
Царственный отец устроил ему выгодный брак.
Назначал на высшие придворные должности.
Сделал командующим королевской армии.
Монмут командовал экспедиционным корпусом во Фландрии.
Громил шотландских мятежников в конце 1670-х гг.
Однако герцог посчитал, что имеет право претендовать на престол после смерти своего отца.
Карл II не имел официального потомства и наследником был его младший брат католик Яков, герцог Йоркский.
Монмут стал выразителем мнений и ширмой для оппозиции Карлу II и Якову II.
После смерти своего отца, летом 1685 г.
, герцог Монмут поднял восстание.
Собрал отряд сторонников и высадился на Западе Англии.
Его поддержали протестанты, выставившие отряды милиции.
В битве при Седжмуре королевская армия разбила повстанцев.
Монмут был пленен.
Яков II приказал казнить мятежного племянника.
Мятеж и казнь герцога стали важным и ярким сюжетом пропаганды, как королевской, так и оппозиционной.
В статье разбираются некоторые аспекты этого процесса.
The article is devoted to the fate of the last rebel of royal blood in England, the Duke of Monmouth.
Illegitimate children of sovereigns occupied a special place in the system of functioning of the European monarchies of the West at the beginning of the Early Modern period.
Their status was high in Spain, France and England.
The Stuarts of the second half of the XVII century were distinguished by a large number of bastards.
A prominent place in the system of functioning of the Three Kingdoms under Charles II was occupied by his eldest bastard James, Duke of Monmouth.
The royal father arranged a profitable marriage for him.
He was appointed to the highest court positions, was made the commander of the royal army.
Monmouth commanded an expeditionary force in Flanders, defeated the Scottish rebels in the late 1670s.
However, the duke considered that he had the right to claim the throne after the death of his father.
Charles II had no official descendants and the heir was his younger brother, the catholic James, Duke of York.
Monmouth became a voice of opinion and a screen for opposition to Charles II and James II.
After the death of his father, in summer of 1685, the Duke of Monmouth rebelled.
He gathered a group of supporters and landed in the West of England.
He was supported by the Protestants, who fielded militia detachments.
At the Battle of Sedgemoor, the royal army defeated the rebels.
Monmouth was captured.
James II ordered the execution of his rebellious nephew.
The rebellion and execution of the duke became an important and vivid plot of propaganda, both royal and oppositional.
The article deals with some aspects of this process.

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