Inhibitor studies indicate that active cathepsin L is probably essential to its own processing in cultured fibroblasts

The lysosomal cysteine proteinase cathepsin L is synthesized in cultured mouse NIH 3T3 cells as a 39 kDa precursor and processed intracellularly into active 29 kDa and 20 kDa + 5 kDa lysosomal forms. Addition to culture media of the peptidyl aldehyde leupeptin, a non-covalent inhibitor of cathepsin L, results in the accumulation of the 20 kDa mature form of the enzyme, resulting in increased activity of cathepsin L as measured in an in vitro assay system in the absence of leupeptin. The more potent irreversible cathepsin L inhibitors benzyloxycarbonyl-Phe-Ala-diazomethane and L-transepoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamino-(4-guanidino)butane, when added to living cells at low concentrations, result in accumulation of all partially processed forms of cathepsin L, especially the 29 kDa form, suggesting that cathepsin L is responsible for its own processing. Exogenous procathepsin L introduced into CHO cells by endocytosis via the mannose 6-phosphate receptor is processed in a manner similar to endogenous procathepsin L. We conclude that the major intracellular pathway for processing of procathepsin L, either endogenous or exogenous, probably requires active cathepsin L.