INTRICATE INTERPLAY OF BACTERIA, VIRUS & OUR IMMUNE SYSTEM.

Over the past few years, the utilization of metagenomic sequencing techniques and analogous methodologies has significantly advanced our comprehension of the human virome's diversity and its implications for human health. The human organism is inhabited by a plethora of microbial communities, known collectively as the microbiome. Of comparable significance, yet seldom acknowledged, is the presence of a vast array of viruses, which are collectively termed the 'virome'. Viruses are widely regarded as the most prolific and diverse biological entities on Earth, with an estimation of 10^31 particles. The human virome harbours this vastness and intricacy, comprising approximately 10^13 particles per individual, exhibiting substantial variability among different body locations. This burgeoning field has elucidated the complex interplay between the virome and disease etiology, as well as the pivotal processes governing its establishment during early human life. It is now well established that the state of the viral community can correlate with deleterious consequences for the host, whereas certain states are indicative of a healthy individual. This Review aims to synthesize the current scientific discourse surrounding the human virome, focusing on the recent advancements in research that delve into the nuanced dynamics of virome assembly, its intricate composition, and the multifaceted interactions that unfold between the host and its viral counterpart. These studies not only shed light on the mechanisms underlying the formation and maintenance of the human virome but also underscore the critical role that the virome may play in both the preservation and disruption of host homeostasis.