Artocarpus Altilis (Breadfruit) could Reverse Myocardial Infarction Through the Normalization of the Oxygen Haemoglobin Dissociation Curve

Objective: The study was performed to assess if hematological mechanisms such as blood flow modulation, P50 and Oxygen haemoglobin dissociation are involved in Artocarpus altilis leaf extract amelioration of Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Damage in rats. Methods: Twenty (20) adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups. Group 1 served as the control, group 3 and 5 received 50 and 100 mg/kg Artocarpus altilis water extract, respectively, after being induced with Isoproterenol twice (85 mg/ kg) at a 24-hour period. Group 2 received 85 mg/kg isoproterenol only, while group 4 received 50 mg/kg Artocarpus altilis extract only for 6 days. The Hematological parameters were assessed using an automatic Coulter Counter, blood flow was assessed with the CODA machine using the tail cuff method, while blood viscosity was measured at native hematocrit and the oxygen haemoglobin dissociation curves were assessed with the BioProfiler and Hemox Analyzer at the end of seven days. Results: Artocarpus altilis treatment ameliorated the ISO induced increases in viscosity, increased the ISO induced decreased blood flow and influenced oxygen release through its effects on the P50 of the oxygen hemoglobin dissociation curve, AA treatment also reversed the ISO induced weight loss. Apart from the changes in MCH, MCV, there were no significant differences in hematological parameters. Conclusion: This study reported the effects of Artocarpus atilis on the improvement of oxygen availability, the reduction of blood viscosity, and the improvement of blood flow through its influence on endothelial functions and NO availability. Our study further highlights The usefulness of A.atilis, as having a beneficial cardiovascular and haematological outcome in experimental myocardial infarction and as such, potential drug discovery for diseases of cardiovascular & hematological involvement.