How Interpersonal Sensitivity Relates to Social Aggression: An Analysis Through the Lens of the General Aggression Model

Abstract Background Interpersonal sensitivity appears to be a contributing factor to social aggression; however, the relationship between interpersonal sensitivity and social aggression, as well as the underlying mechanisms, remains insufficiently explored. Drawing on the General Aggression Model, this study investigates the association between interpersonal sensitivity and social aggression, focusing on the mediating roles of perceived social support and envy. Methods A total of 710 young adults (Mage = 18.57, SD = .78; 30.85% males) completed questionnaires assessing interpersonal sensitivity, social aggression, perceived social support, and envy. Results Structural equation modeling revealed a significant positive association between interpersonal sensitivity and social aggression. Mediation analysis demonstrated that envy partially mediates this relationship. Moreover, a sequential mediation effect was identified, whereby interpersonal sensitivity decreases perceived social support, which in turn elevates envy and ultimately increases social aggression. Gender differences indicated that men with higher interpersonal sensitivity are more susceptible to envy, whereas females with lower sensitivity tend to perceive greater social support. Conclusions These findings offer empirical validation for the General Aggression Model and underscore the critical roles of interpersonal sensitivity and envy in influencing social aggression. The study also provides practical insights for mitigating social aggression among young adults by addressing interpersonal sensitivity, fostering social support, and managing envy.