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Relief decoration of the church facades of the Byzantine world

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В статье рассматриваются пластические и скульптурные элементы, вставлявшиеся на фасады церквей византийского мира в XII-XIII вв. В афинской церкви Богоматери Горгоэпикоос (Малой Митрополии) и венецианском соборе Сан Марко по древней традиции использовали сполии, хотя и по-разному: в Малой Митрополии не только для декорации, но и в качестве строительного материала, в Сан Марко уже только в декоративных целях. В числе использованных сполий были не только средневековые рельефы, скульптура и архитектурная пластика, но и различные античные фрагменты, в том числе и изображения с языческими сюжетами. В Дмитриевском соборе во Владимире сполий уже не было, все рельефы были созданы специально для этого храма и были современны ему. Мы вполне правомерно можем рассматривать практику такой декорации фасадов как своего рода средневековые инсталляции, предшественники современного искусства. Это не противоречит смыслу самого термина «инсталляция». The article deals with plastic and sculptural elements that were inserted on the facades of churches of the Byzantine world in the 12th-13th centuries. In the Athenian church of the Panagia Gorgoepikoos (the Little Metropolis) and the Venetian Cathedral of San Marco, according to an ancient tradition, spolias were used, albeit in different ways: in the Little Metropolis not only for decoration, but also as a building material, in San Marco for decorative purposes only. Among the used spolias there were not only medieval reliefs, sculpture and architectural plastics, but also various ancient fragments, including images with pagan subjects. Spolias were no longer used in the Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir, all the reliefs were created just for this church at the same time. We can rightly consider the practice of such decoration of the facades as a kind of medieval installations, the precursors of modern art. This does not contradict the meaning of the term "installation" itself.
Title: Relief decoration of the church facades of the Byzantine world
Description:
В статье рассматриваются пластические и скульптурные элементы, вставлявшиеся на фасады церквей византийского мира в XII-XIII вв.
В афинской церкви Богоматери Горгоэпикоос (Малой Митрополии) и венецианском соборе Сан Марко по древней традиции использовали сполии, хотя и по-разному: в Малой Митрополии не только для декорации, но и в качестве строительного материала, в Сан Марко уже только в декоративных целях.
В числе использованных сполий были не только средневековые рельефы, скульптура и архитектурная пластика, но и различные античные фрагменты, в том числе и изображения с языческими сюжетами.
В Дмитриевском соборе во Владимире сполий уже не было, все рельефы были созданы специально для этого храма и были современны ему.
Мы вполне правомерно можем рассматривать практику такой декорации фасадов как своего рода средневековые инсталляции, предшественники современного искусства.
Это не противоречит смыслу самого термина «инсталляция».
The article deals with plastic and sculptural elements that were inserted on the facades of churches of the Byzantine world in the 12th-13th centuries.
In the Athenian church of the Panagia Gorgoepikoos (the Little Metropolis) and the Venetian Cathedral of San Marco, according to an ancient tradition, spolias were used, albeit in different ways: in the Little Metropolis not only for decoration, but also as a building material, in San Marco for decorative purposes only.
Among the used spolias there were not only medieval reliefs, sculpture and architectural plastics, but also various ancient fragments, including images with pagan subjects.
Spolias were no longer used in the Cathedral of Saint Demetrius in Vladimir, all the reliefs were created just for this church at the same time.
We can rightly consider the practice of such decoration of the facades as a kind of medieval installations, the precursors of modern art.
This does not contradict the meaning of the term "installation" itself.

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