Search engine for discovering works of Art, research articles, and books related to Art and Culture
Javascript must be enabled to continue!
Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections among antiretroviral-naive and -experienced HIV co-infected adults
View through CrossRef
Most HIV positive people have not been tested for viral hepatitis and their treatments have not been optimized for possible co-infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the serological pattern of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among antiretroviral (ARV)-naive and -experienced HIV co-infected adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 500 frozen HIV positive serum and plasma samples collected from ARV-naive (n = 250) and -experienced (n = 250) adults were randomly selected and screened for HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg and anti-HCV using rapid two-site sandwich immunochromatographic assay. The test was performed at Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University. Positive specimens for HBsAg and anti-HCV markers were further confirmed using third generation ELISA. Of the 500 specimens tested, 15 (3 %), 58 (11.6 %), 3 (0.6 %), 18 (3.6 %), 3 (0.6 %) and 1 (0.2 %) were positive for HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HCV, HBsAg and HBeAg, and HBsAg and anti-HBs markers, respectively. No specimen tested positive for both HBeAg and anti-HBs, and 442 (88.4 %) individuals were non-immune to HBV. Of the 250 ARV-naive individuals, 8 (3.2 %), 33 (13.2 %), 2 (0.8 %), 10 (4 %), 2 (0.8 %), and 1 (0.4 %) were positive for HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HCV, HBsAg and HBeAg, and HBsAg and anti-HBs markers, respectively. Of the 250 ARV-experienced individuals, 7 (2.8 %), 25 (10 %), 1 (0.4 %), 8 (3.2 %), 1 (0.4 %), and 0 (0 %) were positive for HBsAg, Anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HCV, HBsAg and HBeAg, and HBsAg and anti-HBs markers, respectively. In summary, seroprevalence of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infections was lower in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, than in Sub-Saharan Africa and globally. HBV and HCV infections were not significantly different between HIV positive subjects who were or who were not on ARV. This suggests that the two groups have equal chance of being infected with these two viruses; despite this, disease progression could be different.
Title: Hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections among antiretroviral-naive and -experienced HIV co-infected adults
Description:
Most HIV positive people have not been tested for viral hepatitis and their treatments have not been optimized for possible co-infections.
The aim of this study was to investigate the serological pattern of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among antiretroviral (ARV)-naive and -experienced HIV co-infected adults in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
A total of 500 frozen HIV positive serum and plasma samples collected from ARV-naive (n = 250) and -experienced (n = 250) adults were randomly selected and screened for HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg and anti-HCV using rapid two-site sandwich immunochromatographic assay.
The test was performed at Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University.
Positive specimens for HBsAg and anti-HCV markers were further confirmed using third generation ELISA.
Of the 500 specimens tested, 15 (3 %), 58 (11.
6 %), 3 (0.
6 %), 18 (3.
6 %), 3 (0.
6 %) and 1 (0.
2 %) were positive for HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HCV, HBsAg and HBeAg, and HBsAg and anti-HBs markers, respectively.
No specimen tested positive for both HBeAg and anti-HBs, and 442 (88.
4 %) individuals were non-immune to HBV.
Of the 250 ARV-naive individuals, 8 (3.
2 %), 33 (13.
2 %), 2 (0.
8 %), 10 (4 %), 2 (0.
8 %), and 1 (0.
4 %) were positive for HBsAg, anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HCV, HBsAg and HBeAg, and HBsAg and anti-HBs markers, respectively.
Of the 250 ARV-experienced individuals, 7 (2.
8 %), 25 (10 %), 1 (0.
4 %), 8 (3.
2 %), 1 (0.
4 %), and 0 (0 %) were positive for HBsAg, Anti-HBs, HBeAg, anti-HCV, HBsAg and HBeAg, and HBsAg and anti-HBs markers, respectively.
In summary, seroprevalence of HIV/HBV and HIV/HCV co-infections was lower in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, than in Sub-Saharan Africa and globally.
HBV and HCV infections were not significantly different between HIV positive subjects who were or who were not on ARV.
This suggests that the two groups have equal chance of being infected with these two viruses; despite this, disease progression could be different.
Related Results
The Hidden Problem of Cross-Reactivity: Challenges in HIV Testing During the COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review
The Hidden Problem of Cross-Reactivity: Challenges in HIV Testing During the COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review
Abstract
Introduction
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) surface glycoproteins, including shared epitope motifs, sho...
The Impact of IL28B Gene Polymorphisms on Drug Responses
The Impact of IL28B Gene Polymorphisms on Drug Responses
To achieve high therapeutic efficacy in the patient, information on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacogenetics is required. With the development of science and techno...
Capítulo 6 – HIV-AIDS, como tratar, o que fazer e o que não fazer durante o tratamento?
Capítulo 6 – HIV-AIDS, como tratar, o que fazer e o que não fazer durante o tratamento?
A infecção pelo vírus do HIV pode ocorrer de diversas maneiras, tendo sua principal forma a via sexual por meio do sexo desprotegido. O vírus do HIV fica em um período de incubação...
IgM antibody to hepatitis C virus in acute and chronic hepatitis C
IgM antibody to hepatitis C virus in acute and chronic hepatitis C
To assess possible role of testing for IgM-specific antibody in the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with hepatitis C, we tested sera from 14 patients with acute and 97 patient...
Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance in Community vs. Hospital-Acquired Infections
Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance in Community vs. Hospital-Acquired Infections
Abstract
Introduction
Hospitals are high-risk environments for infections. Despite the global recognition of these pathogens, few studies compare microorganisms from community-acqu...
Laboratory-based Evaluation of Wondfo HIV1/2 Rapid Test Kits in the Gambia, December 2020
Laboratory-based Evaluation of Wondfo HIV1/2 Rapid Test Kits in the Gambia, December 2020
Background: HIV rapid diagnosis in The Gambia is mainly done using Determine HIV-1/2 and First Response HIV 1.2.0 or SD Bioline HIV-1/2 3.0 for screening and sero-typing of HIV res...
HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus co-infection among HIV positives in antiretroviral treatment program in selected hospitals in Addis Ababa: A retrospective cross-sectional study
HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus co-infection among HIV positives in antiretroviral treatment program in selected hospitals in Addis Ababa: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Introduction
HIV co-infection with hepatitis B (HIV-HBV) and hepatitis C (HIV-HCV) is known to affect treatment outcomes of antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, its magnitude is ...
Impact of HIV/AIDS scale-up on non-HIV priority services in Nyanza Province, Kenya
Impact of HIV/AIDS scale-up on non-HIV priority services in Nyanza Province, Kenya
Background: The HIV pandemic has attracted unprecedented scale-up in resources to curb its escalation and manage those afflicted. Although evidence from developing countries sugges...