Dependence of artesunate on long noncoding RNA‐RP11 to inhibit epithelial‐mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma

AbstractAs a first line medicine for malaria treatment, artesunate (ART) also shows antitumor potential. However, little is known about the effect of ART on the cancer cell epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we found that ART inhibited cell growth in SK‐HEP1 and SM7721 hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. A microarray was used to identify differentially expressed protein‐coding RNAs (pcRNA) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) between SK‐HEP1 cells with and without ART treatment. A differentially expressed lncRNA—RP11, the most related to the EMT of liver cancer cells—RP11 was identified by abioinformatics method Overexpressing and silencing assays were used to verify the role of RP11 in cancer cell EMT. The levels of RP11‐ and EMT‐related genes in liver cancer samples from 75 patients were detected by using qualitative polymerase chain reaction or immunohistochemistry. We identified 1334 pcRNAs and 1670 lncRNA with differential expression induced by ART. ART inhibits EMT, proliferation, migration, invasion, and adhesion of liver cancer cells. RP11 depresses the inhibitory effect of ART on cancer cell EMT. The level of RP11 is associated with cancer cell EMT and metastasis and survival rate of the patient. These data suggest that RP11‐linking ART and cancer cell EMT are important for ART‐inhibited metastasis of liver cancer.