Application Research Progress and Prospects of Organoid Models in Individualized Metabolism Studies

 To review the application of organoid models in individualized metabolism research and evaluate their value in disease modeling and personalized drug screening. Methods: Relevant literature on organoid technology and metabolomics was systematically reviewed. Studies integratingorganoid culture with analytical techniques such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) were analyzed to summarize current research progress and technical challenges. Results: Organoid models, especially patient-derived organoids (PDOs), can recapitulate the three-dimensional structure, cellular composition, and genetic characteristics of original tissues. Combined with metabolomics technologies, they provide an effective platform for studying metabolic heterogeneity, disease mechanisms, and individualized drug responses. Organoids have been widely applied in tumor metabolism research, metabolic disease modeling, and highthroughput drug sensitivity testing. However, challenges remain, including incomplete simulation of the in vivo microenvironment, variability in culture systems, limitations in metabolic detection technologies, and lack of standardized protocols for clinical translation. Conclusion: Organoid technology provides a promising in vitro model for individualized metabolism research. With advances in multi-omics integration, artificial intelligence analysis, and multi-organ systems, organoid platforms are expected to play an increasingly important role in precision medicine and personalized metabolic therapy.