NOVEL NATURAL DYE EXTRACTION METHODS AND MORDANTS FOR TEXTILE APPLICATIONS

The present study deals with the extraction of eco-friendly natural dye from pomegranate peel through the pre-mordanting method and its application on Tencel fabric. The investigation was made for the evaluation of the best extraction processes (solvent, ultrasonic and aqueous) with the use of three mordants (stannous chloride, ferrous sulfate and alum) and to compare the effect of different color shades and fastness properties. The experimental result indicated that solvent extraction method delivered better effects on Tencel fabric as compared to ultrasonic and aqueous (solvent[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]ultrasonic[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]aqueous). It was due to the extraction of excessive and pure pomegranate peel dye in 100 min time. Furthermore, the fabric samples dyed using mordants have a good effect in color shade. However, amongst all, mordant stannous chloride has an efficient color shade in all extraction methods (stannous chloride[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]ferrous sulfate[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]alum[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]no mordant). Dyed Tencel fabric has excellent washing (4–5), light (5–6), rubbing (4–5) and perspiration (4–5) fastness properties with and without mordants in all extraction methods. FTIR results revealed that the structure of Tencel fabric remained unchanged after dyeing through different extraction methods with pomegranate extract. The overall outcome implied that solvent extraction process with mordant stannous chloride delivered the best effects.