Analysis of tropical cyclones 2000-2020 in Madagascar

Madagascar is among the ten countries most exposed to cyclonic disasters in the world due to its geographical position. The country faces serious problems directly related to tropical cyclones every year. This research aims to analyze the cyclones in Madagascar from 2000 to 2020 focusing on the impact of the cyclone based on human losses and costs. The findings showed that during the past 20 years, 39 significant cyclones have affected Madagascar. On an average, 02 cyclones per year hit the country but its frequency has been decreasing since 2014. Cyclone Eline, Gafilo and Ivan were considered the most dangerous and have caused serious damages to the country. The number of victims caused by the cyclone, Eline, in 2000 were numerous while the cyclone Ivan in 2008 led many people to homelessness. In addition, the cyclone Gafilo in 2004 was recorded as the deadliest, costliest and has provoked many injuries including missing people. The number of victims, homeless, injured, missing and the cost of damage increase depending on the intensity of the cyclone. The East, North-East, West and Southwest coasts are most often hit by cyclones. Despite the frequency and damage of cyclones in the country, the actions carried out to reduce or mitigate the impacts of cyclones are still not sustainable, which makes the populations more vulnerable.