Chromatin Dynamics: Chromatin Remodeler, Epigenetic Modification and Diseases

The gene transcription patterns are regulated in response to extracellular stimuli and intracellular development programs. Recent studies have shown that chromatin dynamics which include nucleosome dynamics and histone modification play a crucial role in gene expression. Chromatin dynamic is regulated by chromatin modification enzymes including chromatin remodeling complex and histone posttranslational modifications. Multiple studies have shown that chromatin dynamics dysregulation and aberrant and histone modifications resulted in the occurrence of various diseases and cancers. Moreover, frequent mutations and chromosomal aberrations in the genes associated with subunits of the chromatin remodeling complexes have been detected in various cancer types. In this review, we highlight the current understanding of orchestration of nucleosome position, histone modification, and the importance of these properly regulated dynamics. We also discuss the consequences of aberrant chromatin dynamic which results in disease progression and provides insights for potential clinic applications.