Associations of demographic characteristics with cognition, prevalence, and control of CVD risk factors and prevalence of CVD among adult Chinese: a population-based study

Abstract Background The associations of demographic characteristics with cognition, prevalence, and control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and prevalence of CVD, are essential for informed targeted interventions and preventive measures. However, limited knowledge exists regarding these associations. This population-based study aims to investigate these associations among adult Chinese individuals. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on 2,851 participants (mean age 44 years, 50.82% women) using data from the China Heart Rescue Global Evaluation Baseline Household survey. Data was collected using stratified random sampling and computer-assisted personal interviews. The χ2 test and Poisson regression modeling were employed to assess the differences and associations of demographic characteristics with CVD risk factors particulars (including cognition, prevalence, and control) and CVD prevalence. Results Although females exhibited higher cognition regarding certain risk factors, both genders demonstrated a high prevalence of CVD. Elderly individuals (≥ 60 years) had a higher prevalence of CVD risk factors and CVD, with notable control of hyperlipidemia (PR: 1.23, CI: 1.05–1.45, adjusted for sex). Higher educational attainment was associated with increased cognition of risk factors and decreased CVD prevalence. Divorced or widowed individuals displayed a higher prevalence of CVD risk factors and CVD (PR: 3.63, CI: 1.00-13.14, after adjusting sex and age). Conclusion Sex, age, educational level, and marital status were tightly associated with cognition, prevalence, and control of CVD risk factors, as well as CVD prevalence, among adult Chinese individuals. These findings highlight the importance of considering demographic factors in understanding and addressing cardiovascular health disparities.