A Respective Observational Study of Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis Receiving Parathyroidectomy By Ultrasonic Scalpel

Abstract Background Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) remains a common complication in many patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Kidney Disease Improve Global Outcomes (KDIGO) 2017 guidelines suggest that parathyroidectomy (PTX) should be performed in severe SHPT patients with chronic kidney disease stage 3a-stage 5D. In the present study, we observed the efficacy of ultrasonic scalpel for PTX in SHPT patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Methods A total of 74 patients on maintenance hemodialysis who underwent PTX (34 with traditional electrocautery and 40 with an ultrasonic scalpel) were observed between August 2020 and August 2021 at Xiangyang Central Hospital (Hubei University of Arts and Science). Baseline demographic and clinic characteristics were collected pre- and post-PTX. Moreover, the postoperative complications and operation time were assessed between the two groups. Results The univariate analysis showed that there was no statistical significance in weight, dialysis duration, serum potassium, serum calcium, alkaline phosphate, triglyceride, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) before and after PTX between the two groups (P>0.05). The operation time in the ultrasonic scalpel group was significantly decreased compared with the traditional electrocautery group (P<0.05). Compared with the traditional electrocautery group, the drainage amount was significantly reduced in the ultrasonic scalpel group, and the number of days with drain and postoperative hospital stay were also remarkably decreased (P<0.05). In addition, a higher incidence of recurrent laryngeal nerve injury occurred in the traditional electrocautery group, while the difference was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusions The use of ultrasonic scalpel significantly reduced the operation time and postoperative hospital stay in patients on maintenance hemodialysis undergoing PTX.