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Tonic Status Epilepticus precipitated by Intravenous Benzodiazepine in Five Patients with Lennox‐Gastaut Syndrome
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SUMMARYSince 1965, 359 parenteral injections of benzodiazepines were performed during polygraphic control in 220 epileptic children.In 5 patients, who suffered with the syndrome of Lennox‐Gastaut, i.v. injection of a benzodiazepine (diazepam or Nitrazepam®) was followed immediately by numerous tonic seizures, both subclinical and clinical, amounting to true tonic status.All the patients with one exception were at the time of the injection in a state of confusion and showed numerous or continuous discharges of slow spike‐waves.All the patients had received other injections of benzodiazepine with little effect, and all except one had already had episodes of tonic status.The brief delay between the injection and the appearance of seizures, the absence of clinical or EEG sleep at the time, and the temporal evolution of the tonic seizures after the injection of benzodiazepine: all these features exclude the possibility that the seizures were caused by sleep.RésuméDepuis 1965, on a fait sous contrôle polygraphique, 359 injections parentérals, intra‐veineuses pour la plupart, de benzodiazépines, chez des enfants épileptiques.Dans 5 cas, classés comme syndromes de Lennox‐Gastaut, une injection de benzodiazépine (diazépam ou Nitrazépam ®) a été immédiatement suivie de l'apparition de très nombreuses crises toniques, infra‐cliniques ou électrocliniques, réalisant un véritable état de mal tonique.Tous les sujets (sauf un) étaient, au moment de l'injection, dans un état d'obnubilation plus ou moins marqué, avec des décharges de pointes‐ondes lentes nombreuses,“ parfois même subcontinues.Tous les sujets avaient déja reçu, à un moment ou à un autre, des injections de benzodiazépines avec peu d'effet, et tous avaient eu également (sauf un) des états de mal et des crises toniques.Le bref délai d'apparition des crises, l'absence de sommeil électroclinique et l'évolution dans le temps des crises toniques après l'injection de diazépine, permettent d'exclure que les crises soient le résultat d'une simple activation par le sommeil.
Title: Tonic Status Epilepticus precipitated by Intravenous Benzodiazepine in Five Patients with Lennox‐Gastaut Syndrome
Description:
SUMMARYSince 1965, 359 parenteral injections of benzodiazepines were performed during polygraphic control in 220 epileptic children.
In 5 patients, who suffered with the syndrome of Lennox‐Gastaut, i.
v.
injection of a benzodiazepine (diazepam or Nitrazepam®) was followed immediately by numerous tonic seizures, both subclinical and clinical, amounting to true tonic status.
All the patients with one exception were at the time of the injection in a state of confusion and showed numerous or continuous discharges of slow spike‐waves.
All the patients had received other injections of benzodiazepine with little effect, and all except one had already had episodes of tonic status.
The brief delay between the injection and the appearance of seizures, the absence of clinical or EEG sleep at the time, and the temporal evolution of the tonic seizures after the injection of benzodiazepine: all these features exclude the possibility that the seizures were caused by sleep.
RésuméDepuis 1965, on a fait sous contrôle polygraphique, 359 injections parentérals, intra‐veineuses pour la plupart, de benzodiazépines, chez des enfants épileptiques.
Dans 5 cas, classés comme syndromes de Lennox‐Gastaut, une injection de benzodiazépine (diazépam ou Nitrazépam ®) a été immédiatement suivie de l'apparition de très nombreuses crises toniques, infra‐cliniques ou électrocliniques, réalisant un véritable état de mal tonique.
Tous les sujets (sauf un) étaient, au moment de l'injection, dans un état d'obnubilation plus ou moins marqué, avec des décharges de pointes‐ondes lentes nombreuses,“ parfois même subcontinues.
Tous les sujets avaient déja reçu, à un moment ou à un autre, des injections de benzodiazépines avec peu d'effet, et tous avaient eu également (sauf un) des états de mal et des crises toniques.
Le bref délai d'apparition des crises, l'absence de sommeil électroclinique et l'évolution dans le temps des crises toniques après l'injection de diazépine, permettent d'exclure que les crises soient le résultat d'une simple activation par le sommeil.
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