End-of-Life Vehicle Recovery Framework: An Industry Perspective on Auto Parts Reuse, Recycling, and Remanufacturing in Malaysia

The rise of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) in Malaysia highlights the urgent need for a sustain able recovery industry centered on reuse, recycling, and remanufacturing. Ineffective ELV management exacerbates waste generation, adversely affecting Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 12 on responsible consumption and production. This study evaluated the current state of ELV reuse, recycling, and remanufacturing in Malaysia by selecting ten companies and employing a qualitative approach. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with industry stakeholders, supported by qualitative content analysis conducted in collaboration with a research team of industry experts. Responses were triangulated with direct observations during site visits. Key enablers for a sustainable framework were identified, including design strategies, adequate facilities, skilled labour, and efficient processes. The findings culminated in a sustainable ELV recovery framework emphasizing operational and stakeholder-driven perspectives. This framework is a roadmap for policymakers and industry players to align with regional sustainability goals.