Variation in Community Structure and Mollusk Diversity in Several Mangrove Ecosystems on the Northern Coast of East Java

This study aims to analyze the variation in community structure and mollusk diversity in several mangrove ecosystems along the northern coast of East Java. Mollusk samples were collected from five different locations: Pasuruan, Probolinggo, Gresik, Tuban, and Banyuwangi, using purposive sampling with transect and plot sampling methods. The tools used included raffia string, transects, shovels, tape measures, writing instruments, thermometers, pH meters, and a Microsoft Excel 2010 working sheet. Physical and chemical water parameters such as salinity, pH, temperature, and water clarity were measured to identify environmental factors influencing mollusk distribution. The results showed that the Mangrove Center in Banyuwangi had the highest mollusk diversity, while the Mangrove Center in Tuban showed a lower and more uniform diversity. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that salinity, dissolved oxygen, and water temperature are major factors influencing mollusk community variation at the study locations. These findings provide insights into the importance of suitable environmental conditions to support mollusk diversity in mangrove ecosystems.