Mesoproterozoic Earthquake Events and Breakup of the Sino‐Korean Plate

Abstract: In the Mesoproterozoic time, the northern part of the Sino‐Korean Plate experienced a period of intensive tectonic extension and breakup. 1. An abundance of sedimentary earthquake records is preserved in the Chuanlinggou, Tuanshanzi and Gaoyuzhuang formations in the Mesoproterozoic Changcheng System (1800‐1400 Ma) and in the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation of the Jixian System (1400‐1000 Ma). These earthquake records are characterized by various liquefied sand‐veins, carbonate microspar and coarser spar veins, limestone dikes, liquefied breccia and various forms of liquefied contorted bedding. This deformation is always associated with synsedimentary faults and igneous activity. 2. Three liquefaction models for soft carbonate sediments are recognized, including liquefaction in laminated carbonate rocks, liquefaction in thin‐bedded carbonates and large‐scale liquefaction along huge carbonate dikes. 3. Based on the record of earthquake and volcanic activities, the Sino‐Korean Plate experienced at least twice intraplate breakups. One occurred between 1800‐1400 Ma, and the other occurred at about 1200 Ma. The last breakup resulted in formation of the Yan‐Liao aulacogen, a tectonic zone characterized by deeper material vibrancy, active faults, major igneous activity and frequent earthquakes.