Epictetus and the World of Culture

This chapter examines Epictetus's use of rhetoric, emphasizing his debt to the prevalent practices of his time. Epictetus's writings feature dialogic parts, solo performances, the argumentative technique of antithesis, and impersonation speeches, necessitating an analysis of whose voices are heard in the Discourses. The chapter emphasizes how Epictetus valued practical application over theoretical knowledge, contrasting traditional education's focus on reading and writing with his viva voce instruction. The chapter examines Epictetus's use of Homeric texts and humor that further illustrated his pedagogical approach, blending ethical lessons with familiar cultural references. The Discourses ultimately portray a dynamic classroom environment where Epictetus's rhetorical skills and philosophical insights intertwine to educate and challenge his students.